Python爬取豆瓣读书TOP250

共计 1203 个字符，预计需要花费 4 分钟才能阅读完成。

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import json
import os

url = "https://book.douban.com/top250"
header = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) " "AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.163 Safari/537.36"}

def getHTML(num):
    r = requests.get(url, headers=header, params={"start": num})
    return r.text

## 定义方法存储一个网页页面数据
def getListData(html):
    booklist = []
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "lxml")
    books = soup.select("tr")
    for book in books:
        bookdic = {}
        tds = book.select("td")
        bookdic[" 书名 "] = tds[1].div.a.text.strip().split("n")[0]
        bookdic[" 书籍详情 "] = tds[0].a.get("href")
        bookdic[" 封面 "] = tds[0].img.get("src")
        bookdic[" 出版信息 "] = tds[1].p.text
        spans = tds[1].select("span[class]")
        bookdic[" 评分 "] = spans[1].text
        bookdic[" 评论人数 "] = spans[2].text.replace("(", "").replace(")", "").strip()
        if len(spans) == 4:
            bookdic[" 备注 "] = spans[3].text
        booklist.append(bookdic)
    return booklist

## 存储所有网页页面数据
allbooks = []
for i in range(10):
    html = getHTML(i * 25)
    page = getListData(html)
    allbooks.extend(page)

## 定义方法将数据保存为 json 文件
def saveJson(dic, path, filename):
    jData = json.dumps(dic, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)
    if not os.path.exists(path):
        os.makedirs(path)
    with open(path + filename, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        f.write(jData)

## 调用方法将数据保存在 mdata 目录下 douban250.json 文件中
saveJson(allbooks, "mdata/", "douban250.json")